Sunday, 22 September 2019

Paul copied 152 verses from the Old Testament as an authority in his teachings

It is acknowledged by Biblical scholars that Paul extensively quoted from the Old Testament (OT) to support his message to the Jews and Gentiles.

The table below lists Paul's Letters (Epistles) along with Old Testament verses he 'most likely' copied from based on textual and wording simililarities:

ROMANS
Paul writes to the community in Rome and explains that salvation is available through the gospel of Jesus Christ.
Paul wrote:
For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith.
1Copied from OT:
Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith.
Paul wrote:
For the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles through you, as it is written.
2Copied from OT:
Now therefore, what have I here, saith the LORD, that my people is taken away for nought? they that rule over them make them to howl, saith the LORD; and my name continually every day is blasphemed.
Paul wrote:
God forbid: yea, let God be true, but every man a liar; as it is written, That thou mightest be justified in thy sayings, and mightest overcome when thou art judged.
3Copied from OT:
Against thee, thee only, have I sinned, and done this evil in thy sight: that thou mightest be justified when thou speakest, and be clear when thou judgest.
Paul wrote:
As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one: There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God. They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.
4Copied from OT:
The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. They are corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none that doeth good. The LORD looked down from heaven upon the children of men, to see if there were any that did understand, and seek God. They are all gone aside, they are all together become filthy: there is none that doeth good, no, not one.
Paul wrote:
As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one: There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God. They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.
5Copied from OT:
The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. Corrupt are they, and have done abominable iniquity: there is none that doeth good. God looked down from heaven upon the children of men, to see if there were any that did understand, that did seek God. Every one of them is gone back: they are altogether become filthy; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.
Paul wrote:
Their throat is an open sepulchre; with their tongues they have used deceit; the poison of asps is under their lips:
6Copied from OT:
For there is no faithfulness in their mouth; their inward part is very wickedness; their throat is an open sepulchre; they flatter with their tongue.
Paul wrote:
Their throat is an open sepulchre; with their tongues they have used deceit; the poison of asps is under their lips:
7Copied from OT:
They have sharpened their tongues like a serpent; adders' poison is under their lips. Selah.
Paul wrote:
Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness:
8Copied from OT:
His mouth is full of cursing and deceit and fraud: under his tongue is mischief and vanity.
Paul wrote:
Their feet are swift to shed blood: Destruction and misery are in their ways: And the way of peace have they not known:
9Copied from OT:
Their feet run to evil, and they make haste to shed innocent blood: their thoughts are thoughts of iniquity; wasting and destruction are in their paths. The way of peace they know not; and there is no judgment in their goings: they have made them crooked paths: whosoever goeth therein shall not know peace.
Paul wrote:
There is no fear of God before their eyes.
10Copied from OT:
The transgression of the wicked saith within my heart, that there is no fear of God before his eyes.
Paul wrote:
For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness.
11Copied from OT:
And he believed in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness.
Paul wrote:
Saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered. Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin.
12Copied from OT:
Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven, whose sin is covered. Blessed is the man unto whom the LORD imputeth not iniquity, and in whose spirit there is no guile.
Paul wrote:
Cometh this blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision also? for we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.
13Copied from OT:
And he believed in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness.
Paul wrote:
(As it is written, I have made thee a father of many nations,) before him whom he believed, even God, who quickeneth the dead, and calleth those things which be not as though they were.
14Copied from OT:
Neither shall thy name any more be called Abram, but thy name shall be Abraham; for a father of many nations have I made thee.
Paul wrote:
Who against hope believed in hope, that he might become the father of many nations, according to that which was spoken, So shall thy seed be.
15Copied from OT:
Neither shall thy name any more be called Abram, but thy name shall be Abraham; for a father of many nations have I made thee.
Paul wrote:
Who against hope believed in hope, that he might become the father of many nations, according to that which was spoken, So shall thy seed be.
16Copied from OT:
And he brought him forth abroad, and said, Look now toward heaven, and tell the stars, if thou be able to number them: and he said unto him, So shall thy seed be.
Paul wrote:
And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.
17Copied from OT:
And he believed in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness.
Paul wrote:
What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet.
18Copied from OT:
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.
Paul wrote:
What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid. Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law: for I had not known lust, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet.
19Copied from OT:
Neither shalt thou desire thy neighbour's wife, neither shalt thou covet thy neighbour's house, his field, or his manservant, or his maidservant, his ox, or his ass, or any thing that is thy neighbour's.
Paul wrote:
As it is written, For thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter.
20Copied from OT:
Yea, for thy sake are we killed all the day long; we are counted as sheep for the slaughter.
Paul wrote:
Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called.
21Copied from OT:
And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called.
Paul wrote:
For this is the word of promise, At this time will I come, and Sarah shall have a son.
22Copied from OT:
And he said, I will certainly return unto thee according to the time of life; and, lo, Sarah thy wife shall have a son. And Sarah heard it in the tent door, which was behind him. Now Abraham and Sarah were old and well stricken in age; and it ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women. Therefore Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also? And the LORD said unto Abraham, Wherefore did Sarah laugh, saying, Shall I of a surety bear a child, which am old? Is any thing too hard for the LORD? At the time appointed I will return unto thee, according to the time of life, and Sarah shall have a son.
Paul wrote:
It was said unto her, The elder shall serve the younger.
23Copied from OT:
And the LORD said unto her, Two nations are in thy womb, and two manner of people shall be separated from thy bowels; and the one people shall be stronger than the other people; and the elder shall serve the younger.
Paul wrote:
As it is written, Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated.
24Copied from OT:
I have loved you, saith the LORD. Yet ye say, Wherein hast thou loved us? Was not Esau Jacob's brother? saith the LORD: yet I loved Jacob, And I hated Esau, and laid his mountains and his heritage waste for the dragons of the wilderness.
Paul wrote:
For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.
25Copied from OT:
And he said, I will make all my goodness pass before thee, and I will proclaim the name of the LORD before thee; and will be gracious to whom I will be gracious, and will shew mercy on whom I will shew mercy.
Paul wrote:
For the scripture saith unto Pharaoh, Even for this same purpose have I raised thee up, that I might shew my power in thee, and that my name might be declared throughout all the earth.
26Copied from OT:
And in very deed for this cause have I raised thee up, for to shew in thee my power; and that my name may be declared throughout all the earth.
Paul wrote:
As he saith also in Osee, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved.
27Copied from OT:
And I will sow her unto me in the earth; and I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to them which were not my people, Thou art my people; and they shall say, Thou art my God.
Paul wrote:
And it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.
28Copied from OT:
Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people, there it shall be said unto them, Ye are the sons of the living God.
Paul wrote:
Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant shall be saved: For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness: because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth.
29Copied from OT:
For though thy people Israel be as the sand of the sea, yet a remnant of them shall return: the consumption decreed shall overflow with righteousness. For the Lord GOD of hosts shall make a consumption, even determined, in the midst of all the land.
Paul wrote:
And as Esaias said before, Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, we had been as Sodoma, and been made like unto Gomorrha.
30Copied from OT:
Except the LORD of hosts had left unto us a very small remnant, we should have been as Sodom, and we should have been like unto Gomorrah.
Paul wrote:
As it is written, Behold, I lay in Sion a stumblingstone and rock of offence: and whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.
31Copied from OT:
And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a stone of stumbling and for a rock of offence to both the houses of Israel, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
Paul wrote:
As it is written, Behold, I lay in Sion a stumblingstone and rock of offence: and whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.
32Copied from OT:
Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.
Paul wrote:
For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them.
33Copied from OT:
Ye shall therefore keep my statutes, and my judgments: which if a man do, he shall live in them: I am the LORD.
Paul wrote:
But the righteousness which is of faith speaketh on this wise, Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down from above:)
34Copied from OT:
Speak not thou in thine heart, after that the LORD thy God hath cast them out from before thee, saying, For my righteousness the LORD hath brought me in to possess this land: but for the wickedness of these nations the LORD doth drive them out from before thee.
Paul wrote:
But the righteousness which is of faith speaketh on this wise, Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down from above:) Or, Who shall descend into the deep? (that is, to bring up Christ again from the dead.) But what saith it? The word is nigh thee, even in thy mouth, and in thy heart: that is, the word of faith, which we preach;
35Copied from OT:
It is not in heaven, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go up for us to heaven, and bring it unto us, that we may hear it, and do it? Neither is it beyond the sea, that thou shouldest say, Who shall go over the sea for us, and bring it unto us, that we may hear it, and do it? But the word is very nigh unto thee, in thy mouth, and in thy heart, that thou mayest do it.
Paul wrote:
For the scripture saith, Whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.
36Copied from OT:
Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.
Paul wrote:
For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.
37Copied from OT:
And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of the LORD shall be delivered: for in mount Zion and in Jerusalem shall be deliverance, as the LORD hath said, and in the remnant whom the LORD shall call.
Paul wrote:
And how shall they preach, except they be sent? as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things!
38Copied from OT:
How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him that bringeth good tidings, that publisheth peace; that bringeth good tidings of good, that publisheth salvation; that saith unto Zion, Thy God reigneth!
Paul wrote:
But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Esaias saith, Lord, who hath believed our report?
39Copied from OT:
Who hath believed our report? and to whom is the arm of the LORD revealed?
Paul wrote:
But I say, Have they not heard? Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, and their words unto the ends of the world.
40Copied from OT:
Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun,
Paul wrote:
But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will anger you.
41Copied from OT:
They have moved me to jealousy with that which is not God; they have provoked me to anger with their vanities: and I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation.
Paul wrote:
But Esaias is very bold, and saith, I was found of them that sought me not; I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me.
42Copied from OT:
I am sought of them that asked not for me; I am found of them that sought me not: I said, Behold me, behold me, unto a nation that was not called by my name.
Paul wrote:
But to Israel he saith, All day long I have stretched forth my hands unto a disobedient and gainsaying people.
43Copied from OT:
I have spread out my hands all the day unto a rebellious people, which walketh in a way that was not good, after their own thoughts;
Paul wrote:
Lord, they have killed thy prophets, and digged down thine altars; and I am left alone, and they seek my life.
44Copied from OT:
And he said, I have been very jealous for the LORD God of hosts: for the children of Israel have forsaken thy covenant, thrown down thine altars, and slain thy prophets with the sword; and I, even I only, am left; and they seek my life, to take it away. And he said, Go forth, and stand upon the mount before the LORD. And, behold, the LORD passed by, and a great and strong wind rent the mountains, and brake in pieces the rocks before the LORD; but the LORD was not in the wind: and after the wind an earthquake; but the LORD was not in the earthquake: And after the earthquake a fire; but the LORD was not in the fire: and after the fire a still small voice. And it was so, when Elijah heard it, that he wrapped his face in his mantle, and went out, and stood in the entering in of the cave. And, behold, there came a voice unto him, and said, What doest thou here, Elijah? And he said, I have been very jealous for the LORD God of hosts: because the children of Israel have forsaken thy covenant, thrown down thine altars, and slain thy prophets with the sword; and I, even I only, am left; and they seek my life, to take it away.
Paul wrote:
But what saith the answer of God unto him? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bowed the knee to the image of Baal.
45Copied from OT:
Yet I have left me seven thousand in Israel, all the knees which have not bowed unto Baal, and every mouth which hath not kissed him.
Paul wrote:
(According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear;) unto this day.
46Copied from OT:
For the LORD hath poured out upon you the spirit of deep sleep, and hath closed your eyes: the prophets and your rulers, the seers hath he covered.
Paul wrote:
(According as it is written, God hath given them the spirit of slumber, eyes that they should not see, and ears that they should not hear;) unto this day.
47Copied from OT:
Yet the LORD hath not given you an heart to perceive, and eyes to see, and ears to hear, unto this day.
Paul wrote:
And David saith, Let their table be made a snare, and a trap, and a stumblingblock, and a recompence unto them: Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see, and bow down their back alway.
48Copied from OT:
Let their table become a snare before them: and that which should have been for their welfare, let it become a trap. Let their eyes be darkened, that they see not; and make their loins continually to shake.
Paul wrote:
And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob: For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.
49Copied from OT:
And the Redeemer shall come to Zion, and unto them that turn from transgression in Jacob, saith the LORD. As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the LORD; My spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's seed, saith the LORD, from henceforth and for ever.
Paul wrote:
For this is my covenant unto them, when I shall take away their sins.
50Copied from OT:
By this therefore shall the iniquity of Jacob be purged; and this is all the fruit to take away his sin; when he maketh all the stones of the altar as chalkstones that are beaten in sunder, the groves and images shall not stand up.
Paul wrote:
For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counsellor?
51Copied from OT:
Who hath directed the Spirit of the LORD, or being his counsellor hath taught him?
Paul wrote:
Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again?
52Copied from OT:
Who hath prevented me, that I should repay him? whatsoever is under the whole heaven is mine.
Paul wrote:
Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.
53Copied from OT:
To me belongeth vengeance, and recompence; their foot shall slide in due time: for the day of their calamity is at hand, and the things that shall come upon them make haste.
Paul wrote:
Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head.
54Copied from OT:
If thine enemy be hungry, give him bread to eat; and if he be thirsty, give him water to drink: For thou shalt heap coals of fire upon his head, and the LORD shall reward thee.
Paul wrote:
For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
55Copied from OT:
Thou shalt not kill. Thou shalt not commit adultery. Thou shalt not steal.
Paul wrote:
For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
56Copied from OT:
Thou shalt not kill. Neither shalt thou commit adultery. Neither shalt thou steal.
Paul wrote:
For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
57Copied from OT:
Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the LORD.
Paul wrote:
For it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God.
58Copied from OT:
Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold: all these gather themselves together, and come to thee. As I live, saith the LORD, thou shalt surely clothe thee with them all, as with an ornament, and bind them on thee, as a bride doeth.
Paul wrote:
For it is written, As I live, saith the Lord, every knee shall bow to me, and every tongue shall confess to God.
59Copied from OT:
I have sworn by myself, the word is gone out of my mouth in righteousness, and shall not return, That unto me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear.
Paul wrote:
For even Christ pleased not himself; but, as it is written, The reproaches of them that reproached thee fell on me.
60Copied from OT:
For the zeal of thine house hath eaten me up; and the reproaches of them that reproached thee are fallen upon me.
Paul wrote:
And that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy; as it is written, For this cause I will confess to thee among the Gentiles, and sing unto thy name.
61Copied from OT:
Therefore will I give thanks unto thee, O LORD, among the heathen, and sing praises unto thy name.
Paul wrote:
And that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy; as it is written, For this cause I will confess to thee among the Gentiles, and sing unto thy name.
62Copied from OT:
Therefore I will give thanks unto thee, O LORD, among the heathen, and I will sing praises unto thy name.
Paul wrote:
And again he saith, Rejoice, ye Gentiles, with his people.
63Copied from OT:
Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people: for he will avenge the blood of his servants, and will render vengeance to his adversaries, and will be merciful unto his land, and to his people.
Paul wrote:
And again, Praise the Lord, all ye Gentiles; and laud him, all ye people.
64Copied from OT:
O Praise the LORD, all ye nations: praise him, all ye people.
Paul wrote:
And again, Esaias saith, There shall be a root of Jesse, and he that shall rise to reign over the Gentiles; in him shall the Gentiles trust.
65Copied from OT:
And in that day there shall be a root of Jesse, which shall stand for an ensign of the people; to it shall the Gentiles seek: and his rest shall be glorious.
Paul wrote:
But as it is written, To whom he was not spoken of, they shall see: and they that have not heard shall understand.
66Copied from OT:
So shall he sprinkle many nations; the kings shall shut their mouths at him: for that which had not been told them shall they see; and that which they had not heard shall they consider.
1 CORINTHIANS
Paul admonished the Corinth church he founded. He felt compelled to explain Christian doctrinal matters in detail.
Paul wrote:
For it is written, I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and will bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent.
1Copied from OT:
Therefore, behold, I will proceed to do a marvellous work among this people, even a marvellous work and a wonder: for the wisdom of their wise men shall perish, and the understanding of their prudent men shall be hid.
Paul wrote:
That, according as it is written, He that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord.
2Copied from OT:
But let him that glorieth glory in this, that he understandeth and knoweth me, that I am the LORD which exercise lovingkindness, judgment, and righteousness, in the earth: for in these things I delight, saith the LORD.
Paul wrote:
But as it is written, Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him.
3Copied from OT:
For since the beginning of the world men have not heard, nor perceived by the ear, neither hath the eye seen, O God, beside thee, what he hath prepared for him that waiteth for him.
Paul wrote:
For who hath known the mind of the Lord, that he may instruct him? But we have the mind of Christ.
4Copied from OT:
Who hath directed the Spirit of the LORD, or being his counsellor hath taught him?
Paul wrote:
For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God. For it is written, He taketh the wise in their own craftiness.
5Copied from OT:
He taketh the wise in their own craftiness: and the counsel of the froward is carried headlong.
Paul wrote:
And again, The Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise, that they are vain.
6Copied from OT:
The LORD knoweth the thoughts of man, that they are vanity.
Paul wrote:
But them that are without God judgeth. Therefore put away from among yourselves that wicked person.
7Copied from OT:
The hands of the witnesses shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterward the hands of all the people. So thou shalt put the evil away from among you.
Paul wrote:
What? know ye not that he which is joined to an harlot is one body? for two, saith he, shall be one flesh.
8Copied from OT:
Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh.
Paul wrote:
For it is written in the law of Moses, Thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. Doth God take care for oxen?
9Copied from OT:
Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out the corn.
Paul wrote:
Neither be ye idolaters, as were some of them; as it is written, The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose up to play.
10Copied from OT:
And they rose up early on the morrow, and offered burnt offerings, and brought peace offerings; and the people sat down to eat and to drink, and rose up to play.
Paul wrote:
For the earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof.
11Copied from OT:
The earth is the LORD's, and the fulness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein.
Paul wrote:
In the law it is written, With men of other tongues and other lips will I speak unto this people; and yet for all that will they not hear me, saith the LORD.
12Copied from OT:
For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people. To whom he said, This is the rest wherewith ye may cause the weary to rest; and this is the refreshing: yet they would not hear.
Paul wrote:
For he hath put all things under his feet. But when he saith all things are put under him, it is manifest that he is excepted, which did put all things under him.
13Copied from OT:
Thou madest him to have dominion over the works of thy hands; thou hast put all things under his feet:
Paul wrote:
If after the manner of men I have fought with beasts at Ephesus, what advantageth it me, if the dead rise not? let us eat and drink; for to morrow we die.
14Copied from OT:
And behold joy and gladness, slaying oxen, and killing sheep, eating flesh, and drinking wine: let us eat and drink; for to morrow we shall die.
Paul wrote:
And so it is written, The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam was made a quickening spirit.
15Copied from OT:
And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.
Paul wrote:
So when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption, and this mortal shall have put on immortality, then shall be brought to pass the saying that is written, Death is swallowed up in victory.
16Copied from OT:
He will swallow up death in victory; and the Lord GOD will wipe away tears from off all faces; and the rebuke of his people shall he take away from off all the earth: for the LORD hath spoken it.
Paul wrote:
O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory?
17Copied from OT:
I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death: O death, I will be thy plagues; O grave, I will be thy destruction: repentance shall be hid from mine eyes.
2 CORINTHIANS
Paul writes another letter to the Corinth church. He reminds them of the need for forgiveness and reconciliation.
Paul wrote:
We having the same spirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I spoken; we also believe, and therefore speak;
1Copied from OT:
I believed, therefore have I spoken: I was greatly afflicted:
Paul wrote:
(For he saith, I have heard thee in a time accepted, and in the day of salvation have I succoured thee: behold, now is the accepted time; behold, now is the day of salvation.)
2Copied from OT:
Thus saith the LORD, In an acceptable time have I heard thee, and in a day of salvation have I helped thee: and I will preserve thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, to establish the earth, to cause to inherit the desolate heritages;
Paul wrote:
And what agreement hath the temple of God with idols? for ye are the temple of the living God; as God hath said, I will dwell in them, and walk in them; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people.
3Copied from OT:
And I will walk among you, and will be your God, and ye shall be my people.
Paul wrote:
And what agreement hath the temple of God with idols? for ye are the temple of the living God; as God hath said, I will dwell in them, and walk in them; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people.
4Copied from OT:
My tabernacle also shall be with them: yea, I will be their God, and they shall be my people.
Paul wrote:
Wherefore come out from among them, and be ye separate, saith the Lord, and touch not the unclean thing; and I will receive you,
5Copied from OT:
Depart ye, depart ye, go ye out from thence, touch no unclean thing; go ye out of the midst of her; be ye clean, that bear the vessels of the LORD.
Paul wrote:
Wherefore come out from among them, and be ye separate, saith the Lord, and touch not the unclean thing; and I will receive you,
6Copied from OT:
And I will bring you out from the people, and will gather you out of the countries wherein ye are scattered, with a mighty hand, and with a stretched out arm, and with fury poured out.
Paul wrote:
And will be a Father unto you, and ye shall be my sons and daughters, saith the Lord Almighty.
7Copied from OT:
Now therefore so shalt thou say unto my servant David, Thus saith the LORD of hosts, I took thee from the sheepcote, from following the sheep, to be ruler over my people, over Israel: And I was with thee whithersoever thou wentest, and have cut off all thine enemies out of thy sight, and have made thee a great name, like unto the name of the great men that are in the earth. Moreover I will appoint a place for my people Israel, and will plant them, that they may dwell in a place of their own, and move no more; neither shall the children of wickedness afflict them any more, as beforetime, And as since the time that I commanded judges to be over my people Israel, and have caused thee to rest from all thine enemies. Also the LORD telleth thee that he will make thee an house. And when thy days be fulfilled, and thou shalt sleep with thy fathers, I will set up thy seed after thee, which shall proceed out of thy bowels, and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build an house for my name, and I will stablish the throne of his kingdom for ever. I will be his father, and he shall be my son. If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children of men:
Paul wrote:
As it is written, He that had gathered much had nothing over; and he that had gathered little had no lack.
8Copied from OT:
And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.
Paul wrote:
(As it is written, He hath dispersed abroad; he hath given to the poor: his righteousness remaineth for ever.
9Copied from OT:
He hath dispersed, he hath given to the poor; his righteousness endureth for ever; his horn shall be exalted with honour.
Paul wrote:
But he that glorieth, let him glory in the Lord.
10Copied from OT:
But let him that glorieth glory in this, that he understandeth and knoweth me, that I am the LORD which exercise lovingkindness, judgment, and righteousness, in the earth: for in these things I delight, saith the LORD.
Paul wrote:
This is the third time I am coming to you. In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established.
11Copied from OT:
One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established.
GALATIANS
Paul writes an 'angry' letter to Galatia to correct their misunderstanding of salvation and Jewish law.
Paul wrote:
Even as Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness.
1Copied from OT:
And he believed in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness.
Paul wrote:
And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all nations be blessed.
2Copied from OT:
And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed.
Paul wrote:
And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through faith, preached before the gospel unto Abraham, saying, In thee shall all nations be blessed.
3Copied from OT:
Seeing that Abraham shall surely become a great and mighty nation, and all the nations of the earth shall be blessed in him?
Paul wrote:
For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them.
4Copied from OT:
Cursed be he that confirmeth not all the words of this law to do them. And all the people shall say, Amen.
Paul wrote:
But that no man is justified by the law in the sight of God, it is evident: for, The just shall live by faith.
5Copied from OT:
Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith.
Paul wrote:
And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them.
6Copied from OT:
Ye shall therefore keep my statutes, and my judgments: which if a man do, he shall live in them: I am the LORD.
Paul wrote:
Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:
7Copied from OT:
His body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt in any wise bury him that day; (for he that is hanged is accursed of God;) that thy land be not defiled, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.
Paul wrote:
Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ.
8Copied from OT:
And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.
Paul wrote:
For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband.
9Copied from OT:
Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear; break forth into singing, and cry aloud, thou that didst not travail with child: for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith the LORD.
Paul wrote:
Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.
10Copied from OT:
Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.
Paul wrote:
For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even in this; Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
11Copied from OT:
Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the LORD.
EPHESIANS
Paul writes a letter to the Ephesus church from inside prison in Rome. In Ephesians, he explains the doctrines of grace, peace and salvation.

 Disputed; Forgery; Not written by Paul
Paul wrote:
Wherefore he saith, When he ascended up on high, he led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men.
1Copied from OT:
Thou hast ascended on high, thou hast led captivity captive: thou hast received gifts for men; yea, for the rebellious also, that the LORD God might dwell among them.
Paul wrote:
Wherefore putting away lying, speak every man truth with his neighbour: for we are members one of another.
2Copied from OT:
These are the things that ye shall do; Speak ye every man the truth to his neighbour; execute the judgment of truth and peace in your gates:
Paul wrote:
Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath:
3Copied from OT:
Stand in awe, and sin not: commune with your own heart upon your bed, and be still. Selah.
Paul wrote:
For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall be joined unto his wife, and they two shall be one flesh.
4Copied from OT:
Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh.
Paul wrote:
Honour thy father and mother; which is the first commandment with promise; That it may be well with thee, and thou mayest live long on the earth.
5Copied from OT:
Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
Paul wrote:
Honour thy father and mother; which is the first commandment with promise; That it may be well with thee, and thou mayest live long on the earth.
6Copied from OT:
Honour thy father and thy mother, as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee; that thy days may be prolonged, and that it may go well with thee, in the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
PHILIPPIANS
Paul writes to the Philippi church from inside prison. He urges them to adopt a Christ,like attitude.
Paul wrote:
That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of things in heaven, and things in earth, and things under the earth; And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
1Copied from OT:
I have sworn by myself, the word is gone out of my mouth in righteousness, and shall not return, That unto me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear.
1 TIMOTHY
Paul gives Timothy, a young leader in the Ephesus church, advice on godliness and sound teaching.

 Disputed; Forgery; Not written by Paul
Paul wrote:
For the scripture saith, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And, The labourer is worthy of his reward.
1Copied from OT:
Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out the corn.
2 TIMOTHY
Paul's death is drawing near, and he instructs Timothy to carry on his gospel work.

 Disputed; Forgery; Not written by Paul
Paul wrote:
Nevertheless the foundation of God standeth sure, having this seal, The Lord knoweth them that are his. And, Let every one that nameth the name of Christ depart from iniquity.
1Copied from OT:
And he spake unto Korah and unto all his company, saying, Even to morrow the LORD will shew who are his, and who is holy; and will cause him to come near unto him: even him whom he hath chosen will he cause to come near unto him.
HEBREWS
Hebrews was written for the Jewish,Christians who lived in Jerusalem

 Disputed; Forgery; Not written by Paul
Paul wrote:
For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son?
1Copied from OT:
I will declare the decree: the LORD hath said unto me, Thou art my Son; this day have I begotten thee.
Paul wrote:
For unto which of the angels said he at any time, Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee? And again, I will be to him a Father, and he shall be to me a Son?
2Copied from OT:
I will be his father, and he shall be my son. If he commit iniquity, I will chasten him with the rod of men, and with the stripes of the children of men:
Paul wrote:
And again, when he bringeth in the firstbegotten into the world, he saith, And let all the angels of God worship him.
3Copied from OT:
Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people: for he will avenge the blood of his servants, and will render vengeance to his adversaries, and will be merciful unto his land, and to his people.
Paul wrote:
And of the angels he saith, Who maketh his angels spirits, and his ministers a flame of fire.
4Copied from OT:
Who maketh his angels spirits; his ministers a flaming fire:
Paul wrote:
But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom. Thou hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity; therefore God, even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.
5Copied from OT:
Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: the sceptre of thy kingdom is a right sceptre. Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness: therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.
Paul wrote:
And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands: They shall perish; but thou remainest; and they all shall wax old as doth a garment; And as a vesture shalt thou fold them up, and they shall be changed: but thou art the same, and thy years shall not fail.
6Copied from OT:
Of old hast thou laid the foundation of the earth: and the heavens are the work of thy hands. They shall perish, but thou shalt endure: yea, all of them shall wax old like a garment; as a vesture shalt thou change them, and they shall be changed: But thou art the same, and thy years shall have no end.
Paul wrote:
But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool?
7Copied from OT:
The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.
Paul wrote:
But one in a certain place testified, saying, What is man, that thou art mindful of him? or the son of man, that thou visitest him? Thou madest him a little lower than the angels; thou crownedst him with glory and honour, and didst set him over the works of thy hands: Thou hast put all things in subjection under his feet. For in that he put all in subjection under him, he left nothing that is not put under him. But now we see not yet all things put under him.
8Copied from OT:
What is man, that thou art mindful of him? and the son of man, that thou visitest him? For thou hast made him a little lower than the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and honour. Thou madest him to have dominion over the works of thy hands; thou hast put all things under his feet:
Paul wrote:
Saying, I will declare thy name unto my brethren, in the midst of the church will I sing praise unto thee.
9Copied from OT:
I will declare thy name unto my brethren: in the midst of the congregation will I praise thee.
Paul wrote:
And again, I will put my trust in him. And again, Behold I and the children which God hath given me.
10Copied from OT:
And I will wait upon the LORD, that hideth his face from the house of Jacob, and I will look for him.
Paul wrote:
And again, I will put my trust in him. And again, Behold I and the children which God hath given me.
11Copied from OT:
Behold, I and the children whom the LORD hath given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel from the LORD of hosts, which dwelleth in mount Zion.
Paul wrote:
Wherefore (as the Holy Ghost saith, To day if ye will hear his voice, Harden not your hearts, as in the provocation, in the day of temptation in the wilderness: When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my works forty years. Wherefore I was grieved with that generation, and said, They do alway err in their heart; and they have not known my ways. So I sware in my wrath, They shall not enter into my rest.)
12Copied from OT:
For he is our God; and we are the people of his pasture, and the sheep of his hand. To day if ye will hear his voice, Harden not your heart, as in the provocation, and as in the day of temptation in the wilderness: When your fathers tempted me, proved me, and saw my work. Forty years long was I grieved with this generation, and said, It is a people that do err in their heart, and they have not known my ways: Unto whom I sware in my wrath that they should not enter into my rest.
Paul wrote:
While it is said, To day if ye will hear his voice, harden not your hearts, as in the provocation.
13Copied from OT:
For he is our God; and we are the people of his pasture, and the sheep of his hand. To day if ye will hear his voice, Harden not your heart, as in the provocation, and as in the day of temptation in the wilderness:
Paul wrote:
For we which have believed do enter into rest, as he said, As I have sworn in my wrath, if they shall enter into my rest: although the works were finished from the foundation of the world. For he spake in a certain place of the seventh day on this wise, And God did rest the seventh day from all his works. And in this place again, If they shall enter into my rest.
14Copied from OT:
Unto whom I sware in my wrath that they should not enter into my rest.
Paul wrote:
For he spake in a certain place of the seventh day on this wise, And God did rest the seventh day from all his works.
15Copied from OT:
And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
Paul wrote:
Again, he limiteth a certain day, saying in David, To day, after so long a time; as it is said, To day if ye will hear his voice, harden not your hearts.
16Copied from OT:
For he is our God; and we are the people of his pasture, and the sheep of his hand. To day if ye will hear his voice, Harden not your heart, as in the provocation, and as in the day of temptation in the wilderness:
Paul wrote:
So also Christ glorified not himself to be made an high priest; but he that said unto him, Thou art my Son, to day have I begotten thee.
17Copied from OT:
I will declare the decree: the LORD hath said unto me, Thou art my Son; this day have I begotten thee.
Paul wrote:
As he saith also in another place, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec.
18Copied from OT:
The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.
Paul wrote:
For when God made promise to Abraham, because he could swear by no greater, he sware by himself, Saying, Surely blessing I will bless thee, and multiplying I will multiply thee.
19Copied from OT:
And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the LORD, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son: That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies;
Paul wrote:
For this Melchisedec, king of Salem, priest of the most high God, who met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him; To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem, which is, King of peace;
20Copied from OT:
And the king of Sodom went out to meet him after his return from the slaughter of Chedorlaomer, and of the kings that were with him, at the valley of Shaveh, which is the king's dale. And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread and wine: and he was the priest of the most high God. And he blessed him, and said, Blessed be Abram of the most high God, possessor of heaven and earth: And blessed be the most high God, which hath delivered thine enemies into thy hand. And he gave him tithes of all.
Paul wrote:
For he testifieth, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec. For there is verily a disannulling of the commandment going before for the weakness and unprofitableness thereof. For the law made nothing perfect, but the bringing in of a better hope did; by the which we draw nigh unto God. And inasmuch as not without an oath he was made priest: (For those priests were made without an oath; but this with an oath by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec:)
21Copied from OT:
The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.
Paul wrote:
Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things, as Moses was admonished of God when he was about to make the tabernacle: for, See, saith he, that thou make all things according to the pattern shewed to thee in the mount.
22Copied from OT:
And look that thou make them after their pattern, which was shewed thee in the mount.
Paul wrote:
For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah: Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, saith the Lord. For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people: And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more.
23Copied from OT:
Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah: Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the LORD: But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the LORD, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the LORD: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.
Paul wrote:
Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you.
24Copied from OT:
And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which the LORD hath made with you concerning all these words.
Paul wrote:
Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me: In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure. Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.
25Copied from OT:
Sacrifice and offering thou didst not desire; mine ears hast thou opened: burnt offering and sin offering hast thou not required. Then said I, Lo, I come: in the volume of the book it is written of me, I delight to do thy will, O my God: yea, thy law is within my heart.
Paul wrote:
This is the covenant that I will make with them after those days, saith the Lord, I will put my laws into their hearts, and in their minds will I write them; And their sins and iniquities will I remember no more.
26Copied from OT:
But this shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; After those days, saith the LORD, I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall teach no more every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the LORD: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.
Paul wrote:
He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses:
27Copied from OT:
At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, shall he that is worthy of death be put to death; but at the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.
One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established.
Paul wrote:
For we know him that hath said, Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord. And again, The Lord shall judge his people.
28Copied from OT:
To me belongeth vengeance, and recompence; their foot shall slide in due time: for the day of their calamity is at hand, and the things that shall come upon them make haste. For the LORD shall judge his people, and repent himself for his servants, when he seeth that their power is gone, and there is none shut up, or left.
Paul wrote:
For yet a little while, and he that shall come will come, and will not tarry. Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him.
29Copied from OT:
For the vision is yet for an appointed time, but at the end it shall speak, and not lie: though it tarry, wait for it; because it will surely come, it will not tarry. Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith.
Paul wrote:
By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see death; and was not found, because God had translated him: for before his translation he had this testimony, that he pleased God.
30Copied from OT:
And Enoch walked with God: and he was not; for God took him.
Paul wrote:
Of whom it was said, That in Isaac shall thy seed be called:
31Copied from OT:
And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called.
Paul wrote:
By faith Jacob, when he was a dying, blessed both the sons of Joseph; and worshipped, leaning upon the top of his staff.
32Copied from OT:
And he said, Swear unto me. And he sware unto him. And Israel bowed himself upon the bed's head.
Paul wrote:
And ye have forgotten the exhortation which speaketh unto you as unto children, My son, despise not thou the chastening of the Lord, nor faint when thou art rebuked of him: For whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every son whom he receiveth.
33Copied from OT:
My son, despise not the chastening of the LORD; neither be weary of his correction: For whom the LORD loveth he correcteth; even as a father the son in whom he delighteth.
Paul wrote:
(For they could not endure that which was commanded, And if so much as a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned, or thrust through with a dart:
34Copied from OT:
And thou shalt set bounds unto the people round about, saying, Take heed to yourselves, that ye go not up into the mount, or touch the border of it: whosoever toucheth the mount shall be surely put to death: There shall not an hand touch it, but he shall surely be stoned, or shot through; whether it be beast or man, it shall not live: when the trumpet soundeth long, they shall come up to the mount.
Paul wrote:
And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake:)
35Copied from OT:
For I was afraid of the anger and hot displeasure, wherewith the LORD was wroth against you to destroy you. But the LORD hearkened unto me at that time also.
Paul wrote:
Whose voice then shook the earth: but now he hath promised, saying, Yet once more I shake not the earth only, but also heaven.
36Copied from OT:
For thus saith the LORD of hosts; Yet once, it is a little while, and I will shake the heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land;
Paul wrote:
Let your conversation be without covetousness; and be content with such things as ye have: for he hath said, I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee.
37Copied from OT:
Be strong and of a good courage, fear not, nor be afraid of them: for the LORD thy God, he it is that doth go with thee; he will not fail thee, nor forsake thee. And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel, Be strong and of a good courage: for thou must go with this people unto the land which the LORD hath sworn unto their fathers to give them; and thou shalt cause them to inherit it. And the LORD, he it is that doth go before thee; he will be with thee, he will not fail thee, neither forsake thee: fear not, neither be dismayed.
Paul wrote:
So that we may boldly say, The Lord is my helper, and I will not fear what man shall do unto me.
38Copied from OT:
The LORD is on my side; I will not fear: what can man do unto me?
NOTE: Some verses may textually appear to be different, 'unlikely' copies. The verses are quoted from the King James Bible (English translation). Other Bible versions may present more similar wordings.

CREDIT

Friday, 20 September 2019

No evidence at all


Christians claim Jesus was crucified and raised on the third day. They go as far as saying they have historical evidence for this?  What ironic about their claim is, Christians are basing their evidence of contemporary source's which originally stems from the same book which was written much after the "supposed crucifixion"  what do we mean by that? Well, the first source would be the gospel of Mark and the writings of Paul. Any other writings regarding the crucifixion was taken from those first books.


Mark's writing was borrowed by Luke and Matthew. John on the other used all three books prior to his writing. Mark's source would be Q. so in other words we have no first hand eye witness evidence for the crucifixion or resurrection.

Christians say many people witnessed the crucifixion as mentioned in all for gospels, but this argument is weak since we have no written sources by any of those numerous eye witnesses? Now Christians would defend this idea by saying, the people who were present were uneducated peasants who did not know how to write. They were local village people they had no reason to document this. And for once we can agree that’s true, but what about the Romans and Jewish rabbis, scribes, pharisees, sadducees?  They were learned men of their time. Those Jewish rabbis were well equipped in reading and writing, how comes they never made mention of Jesus being put on trial and crucified and taken down within hours, without having his legs broken? Or the darkening of sky and the temple curtain torn after a massive earthquake?

In the nineteenth century an eminent scholar, Rabbi Wise, searched the records of Pilate’s court, still extant, for evidence of this trial. He found nothing. (Lloyd Graham, Deceptions and Myths of the Bible, p. 343)


Here's where it gets more interesting.  All those so called historians Christians bring as evidence, none have written that Jesus rose after three days and was seen by his disciple?  In fact there is no 1st century historian who witnessed the crucifixion or resurrection.


Below is a list of historians who existed during the first century, where are there writings about Jesus?


Apollonius Persius                                    Appian Petronius
Arrian Phaedrus                                        Aulus Gellius Philo-Judaeus
Columella Phlegon                                    Damis Pliny the Elder
Dio Chrysostom Pliny the Younger             Dion Pruseus Plutarch
Epictetus Pompon Mela                             Favorinus Ptolemy
Florus Lucius Quintilian                             Hermogones Quintius Curtius
Josephus Seneca                                       Justus of Tiberius Silius Italicus
Juvenal Statius                                          Lucanus Suetonius
Lucian Tacitus                                           Lysias Theon of Smyran
Martial Valerius Flaccus                             Paterculus Valerius Maximus
Pausanias

Not a single historian made mention of Jesus being crucified or resurrecting? Though crucifixion was a common method and writing that a criminal was crucified would not shock the ordinary  historian, no historian wrote about a man called Jesus resurrected.

This raises a lot of problem for Christians.  a historian who wrote  of Jesus being crucified, doesn't mention anything of the same Jesus being resurrected? What does that tell you?

Wednesday, 18 September 2019

*WHY WON'T WE BE A GOOD AMBASSADOR OF A RELIGION THAT SAYS



Don't lie (Q22:30)

Don't spy (Q49:12)

Don't insult (Q49:11)

Don't waste (Q17:26)

Feed the poor (Q22:36)

Don't backbite (Q49:12)

Keep your oaths (Q5:89)

Don't take bribes (Q27:36)

Honour your treaties (Q9:4)

Restrain your anger (Q3:134)

Don't spread gossip (Q24:15)

Think good of others (Q24:12)

Be good to guests (Q51:24-27)

Don't harm believers (Q33:58)

Don't be rude to parents (Q17:23)

Turn away from ill speech (Q23:3)

Don't make fun of others (Q49:11)

Walk in a humble manner (Q25:63)

Respond to evil with good (Q41:34)

Don't say what you don't do (Q62:2)

Keep your trusts & promises (Q23:8)

Don't insult others' false gods (Q6:108)

Don't deceive people in trade (Q6:152)

Don't take items without right (Q3:162)

Don't ask unnecessary questions (Q5:101)

Don't be miserly nor extravagant (Q25:67)

Don't call others with bad names (Q49:11)

Don't claim yourselves to be pure (Q53:32)

Speak nicely, even to the ignorant (Q25:63)

Don't ask for repayment for favours (Q76:9)

Make room for others at gatherings (Q58:11)

If enemy wants peace, then accept it (Q8:61)

Return a greeting in a better manner (Q4:86)

Don't remind others of the favours you done to them(Q2:264)
Make peace between fighting groups (Q49:9)

*The best rewarding messages you can ever send are words of Allah and divine moral teachings*

-----------------


1. Do not be rude in speech (3:159)
2. Restrain anger (3:134)
3. Be good to others (4:36)
4. Do not be arrogant (7:13)
5. Forgive others for their mistakes (7:199)
6. Speak to people mildly (20:44)
7. Lower your voice (31:19)
8. Do not ridicule others (49:11)
9. Be dutiful to parents (17:23)
10. Do not say a word of disrespect to parents (17:23)
11. Do not enter parents’ private room without asking permission (24:58)
12. Write down the debt (2:282)
13. Do not follow anyone blindly (2:170)
14. Grant more time to repay if the debtor is in hard times (2:280)
15. Don’t consume usury (2:275)
16. Do not engage in bribery (2:188)
17. Do not break the promise (2:177)
18. Keep the trust (2:283)
19. Do not mix the truth with falsehood (2:42)
20. Judge with justice between people (4:58)
21. Stand out firmly for justice (4:135)
22. Wealth of the dead should be distributed among their family members (4:7)
23. Women also have the right to inheritance (4:7)
24. Do not devour the property of orphans (4:10)
25. Protect orphans (2:220)
26. Do not consume one another’s wealth unjustly (4:29)
27. Try for settlement between people (49:9)
28. Avoid suspicion (49:12)
29. Do not spy or backbite (49:12)
30. Those who do not judge in accordance to God’s revelations are wrongdoers (5:45)
31. Spend wealth in charity (57:7)
32. Encourage feeding poor (107:3)
33. Help those in need by finding them (2:273)
34. Do not spend money extravagantly (17:29)
35. Do not invalidate charity with reminders (2:264)
36. Honor guests (51:26)
37. Order righteousness to people only after practicing it yourself (2:44)
38. Do not commit abuse on the earth (2:60)
39. Do not prevent people from going to mosques (2:114)
40. Fight only with those who fight you (2:190)
41. Keep the etiquettes of war (2:191)
42. Do not turn back in battle (8:15)
43. No compulsion in religion (2:256)
44. Believe in all prophets (2:285)
45. Do not have sexual intercourse during menstrual period (2:222)
46. Breast feed your children for two complete years (2:233)
47. Do not even approach unlawful sexual intercourse (17:32)
48. Choose rulers by their merit (2:247)
49. Do not burden a person beyond their scope (2:286)
50. Do not become divided (3:103)
51. Think deeply about the wonders and creation of this universe (3:191)
52. Men and Women have equal rewards for their deeds (3:195)
53. Do not marry those in your blood relation (4:23)
54. Men are protectors of women (4:34)
55. Do not be miserly (4:37)
56. Do not keep envy (4:54)
57. Do not kill each other (4:92)
58. Do not be an advocate for deceit (4:105)
59. Do not cooperate in sin and aggression (5:2)
60. Cooperate in righteousness (5:2)
61. ’Having majority’ is not a criterion of truth (6:116)
62. Be just (5:8)
63. Punish for crimes in an exemplary way (5:38)
64. Strive against sinful and unlawful acts (5:63)
65. Dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine are prohibited (5:3)
66. Avoid intoxicants and alcohol (5:90)
67. Do not gamble (5:90)
68. Do not insult others’ deities (6:108)
69. Don’t reduce weight or measure to cheat people (6:152)
70. Eat and drink, but be not excessive (7:31)
71. Wear good clothes during prayer times (7:31)
72. Protect and help those who seek protection (9:6)
73. Keep purity (9:108)
74. Never give up hope of Allah’s Mercy (12:87)
75. Allah will forgive those who have done wrong out of ignorance (16:119)
76. Invitation to God should be with wisdom and good instruction (16:125)
77. No one will bear others’ sins (17:15)
78. Do not kill your children for fear of poverty (17:31)
79. Do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge (17:36)
80. Keep aloof from what is vain (23:3)
81. Do not enter others’ houses without seeking permission (24:27)
82. Allah will provide security for those who believe only in Allah (24:55)
83. Walk on earth in humility (25:63)
84. Do not neglect your portion of this world (28:77)
85. Invoke not any other god along with Allah (28:88)
86. Do not engage in homosexuality (29:29)
87. Enjoin right, forbid wrong (31:17)
88. Do not walk in insolence through the earth (31:18)
89. Women should not display their finery (33:33)
90. Allah forgives all sins (39:53)
91. Do not despair of the mercy of Allah (39:53)
92. Repel evil by good (41:34)
93. Decide on affairs by consultation (42:38)
94. Most noble of you is the most righteous (49:13)
95. No monasticism in religion (57:27)
96. Those who have knowledge will be given a higher degree by Allah (58:11)
97. Treat non-Muslims in a kind and fair manner (60:8)
98. Save yourself from covetousness (64:16)
99. Seek forgiveness of Allah. He is Forgiving and Merciful (73:20)
100. Do not repel the petitioner/beggar (93:10)



Sunday, 15 September 2019

EVERYTHING you know about Jesus' death is wrong – He wasn't even crucified

JESUS wasn't crucified and Pontius Pilate wasn't even in Judea – Ten incredible reasons why the Bible has it wrong about the central moment of the Christian faith.



New book Crucifixion’s a Doddle by Julian Doyle, uses ancient texts, religious artworks and the Bible itself to refute some of the most common-held beliefs about the death of Jesus.

Doyle's research questions the popular image of the immense wooden cross when there were so few trees in Judea. He points out that the Romans executed criminals by impaling them, while Jewish law preferred stoning them. And why were there no images of the cross for almost four centuries after Jesus' death?

After the attempt to crucify the Monty Python team for their film Life of Brian it became clear to Doyle, the film’s editor, that something was seriously wrong with everything we think we know and he began to investigate.


The image of Jesus on the cross has been invented by commissioned artists.

After realising something was wrong I checked back to see the earliest images of Jesus being crucified but there are none. Okay, we have seen millions of such paintings but there are none for hundreds of years after his death. It is not until the fourth century that scenes of the Crucifixion of Jesus began to appear. And this is the first one.

Yes, this is it, the very first image of the Crucifixion of Christ, which appears on a small panel on a wooden side-door of the Church of Santa Sabina in Rome, which was consecrated in AD 440, almost exactly 400 years after the event.

In this first attempt the crucified figures do not appear to be attached to crosses, although there are nails in the hands. But no church before this date even had a crucifixion image. So around AD 430 the image we know was invented. Invented because not only is there no image of Jesus on the cross but there is no image of anyone on a cross. 


You cannot carry the size of tree Jesus is shown crucified on.

You can see we made small crosses for the actors to carry as only an Olympic athlete could carry the trees usually depicted. But the actors still struggled with these.


 The Post is set in the ground as a permanent fixture.

See in the picture the executioner is up a ladder, which is leaning on the cross. The cross has to be set deep in the ground to stay up.  What happens to the cross after Jesus is taken down? Is it thrown away so the next victim can use his own cross? Or dug up and taken back for the next victim to carry back up? No: as in the picture, it is a permanent.


 The primary purpose of crucifixion is not to kill a criminal.

See in the picture where the executioner is removing nails from a previous victim to make the cross available for the next. When I asked Terry Gilliam why he did something so subversive, he just said it was probably his morbid senses. But clearly it was also just so logical. 

Why does this totally undermine the story in the Bible? Because, surely the purpose of Crucifixion is to put the body on show, as a deterrent, as long as possible. Upright like a banner, struggling with pain, degraded and dehumanized, till it rotted. 

Now just consider Joseph of Arimathea’s visit to Pilate when he is told he can retrieve the body as long as he is already dead.

Are they joking? They make a cross for a man, he carries it to Golgotha, they nail him up, and after a few hours he drops dead and Pilate says: "Okay, you can take him down now."

What an absurd amount of effort and time, not to mention a ridiculous use of a valuable tree, to kill a man.



 Jesus could not have died in just 4 hours.

In the film, Eric Idle’s statement as Mr. Cheeky, the guy crucified next to Brian is revealing. Eric is suggesting that death does not come that quickly? In the Bible Jesus is raised on the cross at either 9 or 12 o’clock and is dead by 3pm. 

ERIC: "Not so bad once you’re up. You being rescued then?"

BRIAN: "It’s a bit late for that now, isn’t it?"

ERIC: "Oh, no. We’ve got a couple of days up here. Plenty of time. Lots of people get rescued. Yeah. My brother usually rescues me, if he can keep off the tail for more than twenty minutes. Randy little bugger. Up and down like the Assyrian Empire."

Every Easter in the Philippines, they perform a Passion play culminating with the actual nailing up of at least three penitents on to crosses. Ruben Enage, age fifty-three, has been crucified twenty-seven times. He began his yearly rite after surviving a fall from a three-story building. The wounds can take two weeks to heal. 

So the likelihood of someone dying in such a short period of time seems impossible. To cover this criticism one Gospel, John, tries to suggest Jesus was speared in the side to prove he was dead. Problem is it says: ‘and immediately blood and water came out.’

Which means the heart is pumping so he is evidently not dead.


 Crucifixion was not the method of capital punishment used by the Romans.

Look at this from the Jewish historian Josephus, writing at the time: "Varus sent his army into the country, to seek out the authors of the revolt; he punished those that were most guilty: the number who were crucified on this account were two thousand."

How can these numbers possibly be? Where are all these trees coming from, not to mention the tons of nails (6,000)? The answer strangely is just a matter of translation. The word we always translate as crucifix, stauros does not actually mean crucifix at all.

Here is the full dictionary definition: "The word stauros comes from the Ancient Greek histemi: ‘straighten up’, the same root from which come the German Stern, or the English ‘stand’. In classical Greek, until the early 4th century BC, stauros meant an upright stake, pole, or which might be used in impaling. In the literature of that time it never means two pieces of timber placed across one another at any angle, but always one piece alone."

So there is no reason to believe Jesus was on a cross at all, nor that the 2000 in the revolt were. In fact, it would almost be impossible. They were tied or nailed to a stake or even impaled, a la Vlad the Impaler, and it would all be translated by us centuries later as ‘Crucifixion’.


 Jesus was not crucified.

The most subversive scene in Life of Brian is the first one we actually shot, which in context totally undermines the Bible story. 

HIGH PRIEST JOHN: You have been found guilty by the elders of uttering the name of our Lord and so as a blasphemer you are to be stoned to death. 

MATTHIAS: Look, I’d had a lovely supper and all I said to my wife was, ‘That piece of halibut was good enough for Jehovah’. 

HIGH PRIEST JOHN: Blasphemy! He’s said it again.

The scene is based on Jewish Law as expressed in the Bible: "Then the Lord spoke to Moses, “The one who blasphemes the name of the Lord shall be taken outside the camp, and let all who heard him lay their hands on his head; then let all the congregation stone him." (Leviticus 24:14) 

To help you understand the significance let me quote you another event in the Bible. 

Acts of the Apostles has this story:  "Stephen, was performing great wonders and signs... The elders dragged him away and brought him before the Council." When Stephen makes a long speech: "They cried out with a loud voice, and covered their ears and rushed at him. When they had driven him out of the city, they began stoning him." (Acts 7) 

Now look at Jesus' trial before the same Sanhedrin: "Jesus said, “You shall see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of Power.” Tearing his clothes, the high priest said, “What further witnesses do we need? You have heard the blasphemy?” And they all condemned him to be deserving of death." (Mark 14:61) 

Jesus' crime is also clearly blasphemy, so why do the Sanhedrin take Jesus to Pilate? Blasphemy has nothing to do with the Romans. The crime is punishable, as shown in Life of Brian by stoning, which is clearly decided by the Jews themselves. Crucifixion/staking is the Roman punishment for rebellion. 

And let me quote from Jewish law about stoning: "If a man guilty of a capital offence is put to death and his body hung on a tree, you must not leave his body on the tree overnight. Be sure to bury him that same day, because anyone who is hung on a tree is under God’s curse"’ (Deuteronomy 21:22)

So after stoning the body is hung on a tree and then taken down and buried before
sunset.


Pilate could not have crucified Jesus because the Roman governor left Judea years before Jesus' death.

Jesus’ two year mission begins after the death of John the Baptist. But look how Josephus describes John’s life and death. Firstly he describes the death of King Philip in AD 34. Then he tells us that to marry Philip’s wife, Herod divorced his first wife, who was the daughter of King Aretas of Petra.

But King Aretas’ daughter went home crying to her father, who raised an army and attacked Israel. Herod sent his army into battle but they were completely wiped out.

‘Now some of the Jews thought that the destruction of Herod's army came from God as a just punishment of what Herod had done against John, who was called the Baptist. For Herod had killed this good man…’(Joseph ‘Antiq’)

If John had been killed eight years before the destruction of Herod’s army, surely nobody would link the two events? The destruction of the army in AD 36 must have been no more than six months to a year after the Baptist’s death, for them to be linked, which places his death in AD 35. If Jesus’ two year mission began then he would still be alive in AD 38. Pilate left Judea in AD 36.


Gol Goatha is not ‘the place of the skull’ as translated in all the Gospels.

The Aramaic name Gol Goatha, means ‘mount of execution’, The 'place of the skull’ is Gulgalta. Why insist on a mistranslation? The site is probably Goatha mentioned in the Book of Jeremiah (31:39) where he describes it towards the east, outside the city wall.

The Church of the Holy Sepulcher is claimed by Constantine’s mother to be on the crucifixion site, but this is clearly a mistake and the mistranslation is to conceal this.



Where did the trees come from in the first place?

While making the film, we imported trees because they are scarce in Tunisia, as they are in Jerusalem. And look what the Bible says when King Solomon wrote to King Hiram: 

"I intend to build a temple for the Name of the Lord. So give orders that cedars of Lebanon be cut for me and I will pay you for your men whatever wages you set. You know that we have no one so skilled in felling timber as the Sidonians." (1 Kings 5–6)

Solomon obviously doesn’t trust Israeli carpenters. 

Hiram sent word back: 

“My men will haul cedar and juniper logs down from Lebanon to the Mediterranean, and float them as rafts..., and Solomon gave Hiram twenty thousand cors of wheat, and twenty thousand baths of pressed olive oil. Solomon continued to do this for Hiram year after year.’   (1 Kings 5). 

Trees are, clearly, a scarce and valuable commodity, so why use them just to kill criminals?



Prophet Muhammad's Night Journey To Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa - The Farthest Mosque

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